LOTR: Why Did Eru Ilúvatar Sink Númenor?

gamerant.com:

So much of the lore around Lord of the Rings extends past the main story, as Tolkien invented and cataloged so much Middle-earth history that never even made it into Lord of the Rings. One of the more interesting elements of this far-reaching lore is the story of Númenor and its eventual fate. Though this isn't a story that's important to the plot of Lord of the Rings, it's still something that a lot of Tolkien fans find fascinating, and it would be cool to see it mentioned at some point, perhaps in Amazon's upcoming Rings of Power.

Númenor is sort of like Middle-earth's version of Atlantis, or perhaps more reminiscent of the Noah story from the Bible, though the whole story is a lot more complicated than that. The story of Númenor is actually fairly integral to Middle-earth's history, as it involved characters like Sauron and Elendil, and introduces the people group of the Dúnedain. This is everything that is important to know about Númenor, and particularly about why it was eventually destroyed.

LOTR: Where Did The White Tree Of Númenor in Minas Tirith Come From?

Númenor was an island in the Great Sea, located between Middle-earth and Aman. It was home to the Dúnedain, who were a people with unusually long lives and were said to have more power and wisdom than the other Men of Middle-earth. Aragorn is a descendant of the Dúnedain, which explains his lifespan. Númenor was brought out of the sea by Ulmo (who was essentially the God of the Sea) as a gift for the Edain (the noble Men of the First Age) as thanks for their part in the war against Morgoth. Elros, son of Eärendil, was the first King of Númenor, and the kingdom rose to great power and prominence during his rule.

The Númenóreans were banned by the Valar from sailing