Just a few hours ago, the historic NASA DART mission came to an exciting and successful conclusion as the designated spacecraft, moving at the speed of 22,500 kilometers per hour, smashed into the asteroid Dimorphos. The mission was being conducted to test the planetary defense capabilities of NASA. While the asteroid itself was not a threat to the Earth, the test mission is supposed to help the space agency in collecting data in real-world conditions to see by what margin can the orbit of an asteroid be shifted if a high-velocity spacecraft crashes into it. But this data may not be fully available in the next few days. So, when can we realistically expect to know whether the spacecraft was able to change the asteroid's orbit or not? Read on to find out.
Dimorphous is a 160-meters wide asteroid which orbits around a larger (780-meters wide) asteroid called Didymos. One of the reasons why this asteroid was selected was due to its smaller and observable orbit which makes it easy to assess and see the changes that can be caused by the spacecraft. It is expected that the spacecraft impact will push Dimorphos towards Didymos, both changing its orbit and increasing its orbital time. But it will be a while before we can truly observe this change.
“It's like if you damaged your wristwatch and it started running a little bit fast. You might not notice it in the first day or two, but after a few weeks, you will begin to notice that it's just not keeping the correct time anymore,” Tom Statler, the DART program scientist at NASA's Planetary Defense Coordination Office explained in a news conference, reported Space.com.
The reason for the time taken is obvious. Only after the asteroid has moved considerably in its trajectory, will it be
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